Litigation Architect
Top 100 questions pro se litigants ask
A searchable Q&A library for self-represented litigants—organized in ten progressive series from getting started through trial, Texas courts, and common mistakes. Each article includes official references, related guides, and next-step links inside the series.
For deeper topic pages, see legal help, legal guides, and pro se resources. For long-form commentary, return to Litigation Architect essays.

How to use this library
- New to civil court? Start with Getting started.
- Were you sued? Jump to Responding to lawsuits.
- Follow “Next in series” links at the bottom of each article for progressive reading.
- Verify every deadline and rule on your official docket—articles cite sources but are not advice.
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Series 1 of 10
Getting started
Orientation for self-represented litigants
Foundational questions about representing yourself, choosing the right court, gathering documents, and understanding costs before you file or respond.
- 1. What is pro se litigation?
- 2. Can I represent myself in court?
- 3. What is the difference between pro se and pro per?
- 4. Do I need a lawyer for small claims or justice court?
Continue to Series 2: Responding to lawsuits
Series 2 of 10
Responding to lawsuits
Answers, defenses, and first responsive steps
What to do when you are sued: response deadlines, answers to petitions, affirmative defenses, special appearances, and extensions of time in Texas civil practice.
- 1. What happens if I ignore a lawsuit?
- 2. How long do I have to respond to a lawsuit in Texas?
- 3. What is an answer to a petition?
- 4. Do I need to respond to every allegation?
Continue to Series 3: Court deadlines
Series 3 of 10
Court deadlines
Clocks, calendars, and missed dates
How Texas civil deadlines are calculated, what happens when dates pass, scheduling orders, statutes of limitation, and practical tracking methods.
- 1. How are court deadlines calculated in Texas?
- 2. What is the Monday rule for deadlines?
- 3. What happens if I miss a filing deadline?
- 4. How do I request more time from the court?
Continue to Series 4: Filing and service
Series 4 of 10
Filing and service
Getting papers into the record and to parties
eFileTexas, service of process, certificates of service, filing fees, standing orders, and the mechanics of civil filing for pro se parties.
- 1. How do I file documents with the court?
- 2. What is eFileTexas?
- 3. What is service of process?
- 4. Who can serve legal papers in Texas?
Continue to Series 5: Evidence and exhibits
Series 5 of 10
Evidence and exhibits
Proof, authentication, and organization
What counts as evidence, exhibit lists, hearsay basics, text messages, business records, and how to present documents at hearings and trial.
- 1. What counts as evidence in civil court?
- 2. How do I introduce documents as exhibits?
- 3. What is the hearsay rule?
- 4. How do I authenticate documents?
Continue to Series 6: Motions and hearings
Series 6 of 10
Motions and hearings
Asking the court to act before trial
Writing motions, responding to the other side, summary judgment, continuances, proposed orders, and preparing for motion hearings.
- 1. What is a motion?
- 2. How do I write a motion to the court?
- 3. What is a motion for summary judgment?
- 4. What is a hearing on a motion?
Continue to Series 7: Discovery
Series 7 of 10
Discovery
Exchanging information before trial
Interrogatories, requests for production, admissions, depositions, discovery levels in Texas, response deadlines, and consequences of noncompliance.
- 1. What is discovery in civil litigation?
- 2. What are interrogatories?
- 3. What are requests for production?
- 4. What are requests for admission?
Continue to Series 8: Trial and judgment
Series 8 of 10
Trial and judgment
From the courtroom to collection and appeal
Trial preparation, default judgments, post-judgment motions, enforcement, and the basics of appealing a civil judgment.
- 1. What happens at trial?
- 2. What is a bench trial vs jury trial?
- 3. How do I prepare for trial as pro se?
- 4. What is an opening statement?
Continue to Series 9: Texas courts
Series 9 of 10
Texas courts
Court types, local rules, and TRCP
Justice court, county court at law, district court, jurisdictional limits, cause numbers, local rules, and where to find official Texas procedure resources.
- 1. What is justice court in Texas?
- 2. What is county court at law?
- 3. What is district court in Texas?
- 4. What is the JP court monetary limit?
Continue to Series 10: Common mistakes
Series 10 of 10
Common mistakes
Errors that end cases before the merits
Typical pro se pitfalls: missed deadlines, waived defenses, improper ex parte contact, template misuse, and when professional help becomes necessary.
All 100 questions (A–Z index)
- Can I file a counterclaim when responding?(Responding to lawsuits)
- Can I represent a business pro se?(Common mistakes)
- Can I represent myself in court?(Getting started)
- Can I use legal templates from the internet?(Common mistakes)
- Can I use text messages as evidence?(Evidence and exhibits)
- Do I have to respond to discovery?(Discovery)
- Do I need a lawyer for small claims or justice court?(Getting started)
- Do I need to respond to every allegation?(Responding to lawsuits)
- How are court deadlines calculated in Texas?(Court deadlines)
- How do I authenticate documents?(Evidence and exhibits)
- How do I collect after winning?(Trial and judgment)
- How do I file documents with the court?(Filing and service)
- How do I find Dallas, Harris, or Travis county rules?(Texas courts)
- How do I find my case number and court?(Getting started)
- How do I introduce documents as exhibits?(Evidence and exhibits)
- How do I organize evidence chronologically?(Evidence and exhibits)
- How do I prepare for trial as pro se?(Trial and judgment)
- How do I request more time from the court?(Court deadlines)
- How do I respond to the other side's motion?(Motions and hearings)
- How do I serve the other party after filing?(Filing and service)
- How do I stay organized throughout my case?(Common mistakes)
- How do I track multiple deadlines?(Court deadlines)
- How do I write a motion to the court?(Motions and hearings)
- How does ProseIQ help self-represented litigants?(Getting started)
- How long do I have to respond to a lawsuit in Texas?(Responding to lawsuits)
- How long do I have to respond to discovery?(Discovery)
- How much does it cost to file a lawsuit as pro se?(Getting started)
- Should I talk to the judge ex parte?(Common mistakes)
- What are affirmative defenses in Texas?(Responding to lawsuits)
- What are depositions?(Discovery)
- What are interrogatories?(Discovery)
- What are local rules?(Texas courts)
- What are requests for admission?(Discovery)
- What are requests for production?(Discovery)
- What counts as evidence in civil court?(Evidence and exhibits)
- What court handles my type of case?(Getting started)
- What documents should I gather before starting?(Getting started)
- What filing fees should I expect?(Filing and service)
- What happens at trial?(Trial and judgment)
- What happens if I ignore a lawsuit?(Responding to lawsuits)
- What happens if I ignore discovery?(Discovery)
- What happens if I miss a filing deadline?(Court deadlines)
- What is a bench trial vs jury trial?(Trial and judgment)
- What is a business records affidavit?(Evidence and exhibits)
- What is a cause number format?(Texas courts)
- What is a certificate of service?(Filing and service)
- What is a continuance?(Motions and hearings)
- What is a default judgment?(Trial and judgment)
- What is a discovery level in Texas?(Discovery)
- What is a general denial?(Responding to lawsuits)
- What is a hearing officer vs a judge?(Motions and hearings)
- What is a hearing on a motion?(Motions and hearings)
- What is a motion for extension of time?(Responding to lawsuits)
- What is a motion for new trial?(Trial and judgment)
- What is a motion for summary judgment?(Motions and hearings)
- What is a motion in limine?(Motions and hearings)
- What is a motion to compel?(Motions and hearings)
- What is a motion to set aside judgment?(Trial and judgment)
- What is a motion?(Motions and hearings)
- What is a plea in abatement?(Responding to lawsuits)
- What is a proposed order?(Motions and hearings)
- What is a scheduling order?(Court deadlines)
- What is a show cause hearing?(Court deadlines)
- What is a special appearance?(Responding to lawsuits)
- What is a standing order in Texas courts?(Texas courts)
- What is a standing order?(Filing and service)
- What is a statute of limitations?(Court deadlines)
- What is an answer to a petition?(Responding to lawsuits)
- What is an appeal?(Trial and judgment)
- What is an exhibit list?(Evidence and exhibits)
- What is an opening statement?(Trial and judgment)
- What is citation by publication?(Filing and service)
- What is county court at law?(Texas courts)
- What is cross-examination?(Trial and judgment)
- What is demonstrative evidence?(Evidence and exhibits)
- What is discovery in civil litigation?(Discovery)
- What is district court in Texas?(Texas courts)
- What is eFileTexas?(Filing and service)
- What is frivolous litigation?(Common mistakes)
- What is judicial estoppel?(Common mistakes)
- What is justice court in Texas?(Texas courts)
- What is legal aid and when should I use it?(Getting started)
- What is pro se litigation?(Getting started)
- What is relation back for amended pleadings?(Court deadlines)
- What is service of process?(Filing and service)
- What is small claims court in Texas?(Texas courts)
- What is spoliation of evidence?(Discovery)
- What is substituted service?(Filing and service)
- What is the best evidence rule?(Evidence and exhibits)
- What is the deadline for appealing a judgment?(Court deadlines)
- What is the difference between pro se and pro per?(Getting started)
- What is the hearsay rule?(Evidence and exhibits)
- What is the JP court monetary limit?(Texas courts)
- What is the Monday rule for deadlines?(Court deadlines)
- What is TRCP?(Texas courts)
- What is waiver of defenses?(Common mistakes)
- What mistakes do pro se litigants make most often?(Common mistakes)
- When should I hire a lawyer?(Common mistakes)
- Who can serve legal papers in Texas?(Filing and service)
- Why is formatting important in filings?(Common mistakes)
This Litigation Architect Q&A series provides general legal information for self-represented litigants. It is not legal advice, does not create an attorney-client relationship, and does not guarantee outcomes. Verify all deadlines, rules, and local requirements on your official court docket and with qualified counsel when needed.
